6.4.3 Justice

Justice ndiye pamusoro nechokwadi kuti njodzi uye zvakanakira kutsvakurudza vari zvakaenzana.

The Belmont Report anoti nheyo Justice anotaura pakugoverwa mitoro uye zvakanakira kutsvakurudza. Ndizvo, hazvifaniri kudaro kuti rimwe boka munzanga unobereka mari pakutsvakurudza nepo rimwe boka anokohwa zvinobatsira dzayo. Somuenzaniso, mune rechi19 uye pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, mitoro yokushumira sezvo pakutsvakurudza vanotongwa mumiedzo vezvokurapa akazviwisira kunonyanya varombo, uye zvakanakira akavandudzika okurapwa yakayerera zvikurukuru mupfumi.

In tsika, nheyo Justice akanga pakutanga zvichishandurwa kumativi yokuti vanoshupika vanhu vanofanira kuchengetedzwa kubva nevatsvakurudzi. Nemamwe mashoko, vatsvakurudzi havafaniri kubvumirwa nemaune zvakatapwa pamusoro simba. Uyu muenzaniso anotambudza kuti kare, vakawanda tsika dzinobvumira chipatara chinobatsira matambudziko kuongorora zvinobatanidzwa nyore vechikamu kusanganisira vagari dzisina vakadzidza uye disenfranchised (Jones 1993) ; vasungwa (Spitz 2005) ; dzinochengeterwa nherera, vana mupfungwa vakaremara (Robinson and Unruh 2008) ; uye chipatara varwere akwegura uye zvamuremadza (Arras 2008) .

Zvisinei, Around 1990, maonero Justice akatanga kusununguka kubva kudzivirira kuti kuwana (Mastroianni and Kahn 2001) . Somuenzaniso, vatsigiri vakati kuti vana, vakadzi, uye vanhu vashoma kwemadzinza vaifanira kuva zvakajeka yaisanganisira mumiedzo kurapwa kuitira kuti mapoka aya vaizobatsirwa ruzivo vakawana nemiedzo iyi.

Kuwedzera mibvunzo pamusoro kuchengetedzwa uye kuwana, nheyo Justice inowanzonzi zvichishandurwa kurera mibvunzo pamusoro yakakodzera zviripe vechikamu-mibvunzo izvo pasi zvikuru gakava mu mitemo yokurapa (Dickert and Grady 2008) .

Kushandisa nheyo Rezvemitemo mienzaniso mitatu anopa imwezve nzira kuongorora navo. Vechikamu mumamiriro hapana zvidzidzo vakanga ndanyarara hangu mari. Encore zvinomutsa mibvunzo kwazvo pamusoro musimboti Justice. Nepo nheyo Beneficence kuti zano dzakakudzingai vechikamu kubva munyika utongi hurumende, nheyo Justice aigona nharo pamusoro vachiramba vanhu ava mukana kuti ubatanidzwe-uye kubatsirwa-yakarurama kuyerwa Internet kusenza. Nyaya Ravirai, Ties, uye Time uyewo zvinomutsa mibvunzo. Panyaya iyi, rimwe boka vadzidzi unobereka mitoro pamusoro kutsvakurudza uye nzanga yose zvayo zvikomborero. Zvisinei, kuva akajeka, izvi zvakanga zvisiri chinhu padambudziko vemo. Pakupedzisira, muna Emotional Contagion vechikamu vaiva muenzaniso kubva yevagari angangobata kubatsirwa migumisiro kutsvakurudza, mamiriro ezvinhu zvakanaka dzichienderana nheyo Justice.