5.4.3 Mhedziso

Vakagovera date muunganidzwa zvinokwanisika, uye mune ramangwana chingangova anosanganisira zvemichina uye pusa kupindura.

Sezvo eBird ichiratidza, akagovera date muunganidzwa inogona kushandiswa kuongorora kwesayenzi. Uyezve, PhotoCity rinoratidza kuti matambudziko chokuita zvakabudiswa uye date unhu zvingangoita solvable.

Sei kuti vakagovera date muunganidzwa basa pasocial tsvakurudzo? Muenzaniso chinoshamisa unobva basa Susan Watkins nevamwe vake pamusoro Malawi Journals Project (Watkins and Swidler 2009; Kaler, Watkins, and Angotti 2015) . Basa iri, 22 vagari vemo-anonzi "venhau" -kept "endangariro zvokukurukura" kuti yakanyorwa, zvizere, kukurukurirana ivo yakanzwa pamusoro AIDS nezuva upenyu vanhuwo zvavo (panguva chirongwa wakatanga, vanenge 15% vanhu vakuru kuMalawi vakanga HIV (Bello, Chipeta, and Aberle-Grasse 2006) ). Nokuda Insider kwavo mamiriro, vatori venhau ava vakakwanisa overhear kukurukurirana kuti vangadai vasina kupupurirwa kuna Susan Watkins varo Western tsvakurudzo pevatsigiri (Ndichaenda kukurukura nezvetsika iyi gare gare muchitsauko apo ini kupa mazano pamusoro akagadzira vakawanda kutsigirana pachako basa rako ). The date kubva Malawi Journals Project akatitungamira kuti nhamba inokosha zvakawanikwa. Somuenzaniso, chirongwa asati atanga, kunze vazhinji vakatenda kuti kunyarara kukavapo pamusoro AIDS vemu sub-Saharan Africa, asi magazini zvakaratidza kuti zvakajeka ichi handizvo zvakaitika: venhau akanzwa mazana kukurukura pamusoro wenyaya, munzvimbo sezvo paiva pamariro , nembariro, uye machechi. Uyezve, hunhu kukurukurirana izvi zvakabatsira vatsvakurudzi kunzwisisa zviri nani mamwe kuramba kondomu kushandisa; nzira kuti kondomu kushandiswa akanga dzakanyatsoumbwa mumashoko pachena utano akanga dzisingapindirani nzira kuti zvakanzi munyaya muupenyu hwezuva nezuva (Tavory and Swidler 2009) .

Zvechokwadi, kufanana mashoko kubva eBird, humboo kubva Malawi Journals Project haasi vakakwana, nyaya dzinokurukurwa zvakadzama kubudikidza Watkins uye nevamwe. Somuenzaniso, mashoko akanyorwa kukurukurirana hazvisisiri kurongwa ndozvakanga zvose zvinobvira kukurukurirana. Asi, ivo iimba kukwana Verenga kukurukurirana pamusoro AIDS. Tichitarisa mashoko yepamusoro, vaongorori vanodavira kuti venhau avo vaiva yepamusoro venhau, sezvinoratidzwa kusachinja-chinja mukati mumagazini uye kuyambuka magazini. Uyezve, kana venhau zvakakwana zviri kuitika mune diki zvakakwana marongero uye mishumo vari nezvezvandaifanira yakananga nyaya, redundancy vakava zvichibvira, izvo anowedzera kuvimba date unhu. Somuenzaniso, mumwe bonde mushandi ainzi "Stella" akaoneka kanoverengeka ari endangariro dzakasiyana venhau mana (Watkins and Swidler 2009) . Sezvazvakanga zvakaita PhotoCity, kushandisa redundancy chinhu chinokosha nokuda dzinoongorora uye akazadzisa mashoko unhu muna vakaparadzira mashoko muunganidzwa zvirongwa. Kuti uwane kuvaka mwoyo wako, Table 5.3 rinoratidza dzimwe mienzaniso vakagovera date kuunganidzira mumagariro tsvakurudzo.

Table 5.3: Mienzaniso vakagovera date muunganidzwa muzvirongwa munzanga tsvakurudzo.
Data inounganidzwa Citation
Discussions pamusoro HIV / AIDS kuMalawi Watkins and Swidler (2009) ; Kaler, Watkins, and Angotti (2015)
Street achipemha muLondon Purdam (2014)
Kunetsana zviitiko Eastern Congo Windt and Humphreys (2016)
Economic basa muNigeria uye Liberia Blumenstock, Keleher, and Reisinger (2016)
bembo ongororo Noort et al. (2015)

All Mienzaniso zvinotsanangurwa muchikamu chino kuti zvinobatanidzwa kushingaira Kupinda: venhau transcribed kukurukurirana vakanzwa; birders uploaded kwavo birding checklists; kana vatambi uploaded mapikicha avo. Asi zvakadini kana kutora chikamu chaiva zvaitika uye havana tive nezvatinenge unyanzvi kana nguva kuzviisa pasi? Ndicho chivimbiso inopiwa "vatori vachifunga" kana "vanhu-centric vachifunga." Somuenzaniso, Pothole chikwata, chirongwa nemasayendisiti pana with, vakatasva GPS akashongedzerwa accelerometers mukati tekisi cabs nomwe munharaunda Boston (Eriksson et al. 2008) . Nokuti kutyaira pamusoro pothole kunosiya akasiyana accelerometer chiratidzo, mano aya, apo akaiswa mukati kutamira nemuchovha, anogona kusika pothole mepu Boston. Zvechokwadi, nemuchovha regai randomly Mharidzo migwagwa, asi akapa nemuchovha zvakakwana, pangava zvakakwana nhau kupa ruzivo pamusoro zvikamu yakakura ivo guta. A abatsire pusa hurongwa kuti kuvimba zvigadzirwa rechipiri ndechokuti ivo de-unyanzvi muitiro mupiro date: apo kunoda unyanzvi kupa eBird (nokuti unofanira kukwanisa yakavimbika kuona shiri marudzi), zvinoda hapana unyanzvi kuti kukonzera Pothole vaende.

Kuenda mberi, Ndinofungidzira kuti vakawanda zvakaparadzira mashoko muunganidzwa zvirongwa achatanga kushandisa nezvaanogona pamusoro dzeserura kuti vakatobatana kutakurwa nemabhiriyoni evanhu munyika yose. dzeserura izvi watova yokuwanda sensors zvinokosha yokuyeresa, akadai mamaikorofoni, makamera, GPS mano, uye kuti wachi dzemhando yepamusoro. Uyezve, izvi dzeserura zvinotsigira yechitatu-vebato Apps zvichiita vatsvakurudzi kudzora vamwe pamusoro chaicho mashoko muunganidzwa protocols. Pakupedzisira, dzeserura aya Internet-connectivity, zvichiita kuti kure-vapinze mashoko ivo unganidza. Pane zvakawanda michina matambudziko kubva kururama sensors kuti shoma matochi upenyu, asi matambudziko aya angangodaro kutapudza pamusoro nguva sezvo zvemichina hwapedyo. Issues chokuita zvakavanzika uye nezvetsika, Ukuwo, aigona kuwana zvakawanda kuoma sezvo zvemichina hwapedyo; Ndichaedza kudzokera mibvunzo wezvetsika apo ini kupa mazano pamusoro akagadzira mukanyiwa pachako kubatsirana yenyu.

In vakagovera date muunganidzwa zvirongwa vakazvipira kubatsira mashoko pamusoro nyika. Izvi watopiwa kushandiswa zvinobudirira, uye ramangwana pevara vangangoshandira kugadzirisa zvakabudiswa uye date unhu zvaimunetsa. Sezvineiwo, huripo zvirongwa zvakadai PhotoCity uye Pothole chikwata anoratidza matambudziko aya. Sezvo zvimwe zvirongwa kushandisa zvigadzirwa kuti inogonesa de-unyanzvi uye pusa kupindura, akagovera date muunganidzwa zvirongwa vanofanira zvinoshamisa kuwedzera scale, ichiita vatsvakurudzi kuunganidza mashoko kuti aingovawo kure miganho kare.