4.4.2 Heterogeneity kurapwa nemigumisiro

Kuedza anowanzoita ayere avhareji zvazviri, asi zvinogona kuva vakasiyana vanhu zvakasiyana.

Wechipiri chinokosha pfungwa kutamira zvinopfuura nyore kuedza ndiyo heterogeneity kurapwa migumisiro. Kuedza pamusoro Schultz et al. (2007) unoratidza nesimba sei zvakafanana kurapwa kunogona kuva akasiyana anoita zvakasiyana siyana vanhu (Figure 4.4), asi ongororo iyi heterogeneity chaizvoizvo zvikuru kujairika kuti analoginen zera kuedza. Most analoginen zera kuedza dzinosanganisira vashoma vechikamu kuti vanotorwa sevanhu "Widgets" kuchinjaniswa nokuti zvishoma pamusoro pavo zvinozivikanwa pre-kurapwa. Zvisinei, muna digitaalinen kuedza, izvi Data constraints vari ishoma nokuti vanotsvakurudza vanowanzopedzisira kuva vechikamu uye kuziva zvakawanda pamusoro pavo. In date ichi yakasiyana kwezvakatipoteredza, tinogona kufungidzira heterogeneity kurapwa migumisiro kuitira kupa zvinogona kukubatsirai kuziva sei inoshanda kurapwa, sei rinogona nani, uye sei chinogona kuitirwa kune avo kazhinji zvichida kubatsirwa.

Two Mienzaniso heterogeneity kurapwa migumisiro panotaurwa patsika dzemunharaunda uye simba kushandiswa vanobva zvokuwedzera pamusoro Home Energy Reports. Chokutanga, Allcott (2011) akashandisa guru kukura mharidzo (600,000 nemhuri) mamwe akatsemura mharidzo uye kufungidzira kubata Home Energy Hurukuro decile pamusoro pre-kurapwa simba kushandiswa. Nepo Schultz et al. (2007) akawana misiyano pakati rinorema uye chiedza vanoshandisa, Allcott (2011) vakawana kuti paivawo kusawirirana mukati rinorema uye chiedza User boka. Somuenzaniso, mupfungwa vanoshandisa (vari pamusoro decile) kuderedzwa simba ravo kushandiswa kaviri sezvo munhu ari pakati inorema User boka (Figure 4.7). Uyezve, kupima zvingaita kubudikidza pre-kurapwa maitiro akazivisawo kuti hakuna boomerang chaizvoizvo kunyange lightest vanozvishandisa (Figure 4.7).

Figure 4.7: Heterogeneity kurapwa migumisiro muna Allcott (2011). The vasanyanye simba kushandiswa akanga akasiyana nevanhu vakasiyana deciles pamusoro Muongororo yekutanga kushandiswa.

Figure 4.7: Heterogeneity kurapwa migumisiro muna Allcott (2011) . The vasanyanye simba kushandiswa akanga akasiyana nevanhu vakasiyana deciles pamusoro Muongororo yekutanga kushandiswa.

In kufanana kudzidza, Costa and Kahn (2013) Nokuverenga kuti kubudirira Home Energy Report aigona zvinosiyana inobva ubatanidzwe wacho dzematongerwe enyika uye kuti kurapwa kuti chaizvoizvo kukonzera vanhu vane mamwe pepfungwa kuwedzera magetsi kwavo kushandisa. Nemamwe mashoko, ivo vaifunga kuti Home Energy Mishumo angave kusika munhu boomerang kushanda yokuti dzimwe mhando vanhu. Kuongorora zvingangoitika ichi, Costa uye Kahn zvibatanidzwe ari Opower mashoko pamwe nemashoko akatengwa kubva yechitatu-nebato aggregator aisanganisira mashoko akadai bato kunyoresa enyika, mari kumasangano zvakatipoteredza, uye nemhuri kubatanidzwa renewable simba zvirongwa. With ichi zvibatanidzwe dataset, Costa uye Kahn vakawana kuti Home Energy Mishumo yakabereka broadly zvakafanana migumisiro nokuda mugovane pepfungwa dzakasiyana; pakanga pasina uchapupu kuti chero boka avakaita boomerang Migumisiro (Figure 4.8).

Figure 4.8: Heterogeneity kurapwa migumisiro muCosta uye Kahn (2013). Pakukosha avhareji kurapwa maturo yose mharidzo iri -2,1% [-1,5%, -2,7%]. Nokuva mashoko kubva kuedza mashoko pamusoro mhuri, Costa uye Kahn (2013) akashandisa dzakatevedzana uwandu mienzaniso kufungidzira kurapa mugumisiro nokuda mapoka chaizvo zvakananga vanhu. inofungidzirwa maviri dzinoturwa boka rimwe nerimwe nokuti vanofungidzira kuvimba covariates ivo yaisanganisira avo uwandu mienzaniso (ona zvinoedza 4 uye muenzaniso 6 Table 3 uye Table 4 muCosta uye Kahn (2013)). Sezvinoratidzwa nomuenzaniso uyu unoratidza, kurapwa migumisiro zvinogona akasiyana vanhu siyana uye inofungidzirwa kurapwa nemigumisiro vanobva uwandu mienzaniso vanogona kuvimba nezveupenyu mienzaniso avo (Grimmer, Messing, uye Westwood 2014).

Figure 4.8: Heterogeneity kurapwa migumisiro muna Costa and Kahn (2013) . Pakukosha avhareji kurapwa maturo yose mharidzo iri -2,1% [-1,5%, -2,7%]. Nokuva mashoko kubva kuedza mashoko pamusoro mhuri, Costa and Kahn (2013) akashandisa dzakatevedzana uwandu mienzaniso kufungidzira kurapa mugumisiro nokuda mapoka chaizvo zvakananga vanhu. Inofungidzirwa maviri dzinoturwa boka rimwe nerimwe nokuti vanofungidzira kuvimba covariates ivo yaisanganisira avo uwandu mienzaniso (ona zvinoedza 4 uye muenzaniso 6 Table 3 uye Table 4 muna Costa and Kahn (2013) ). Sezvinoratidzwa nomuenzaniso uyu unoratidza, kurapwa migumisiro zvinogona akasiyana vanhu siyana uye inofungidzirwa kurapwa nemigumisiro vanobva uwandu mienzaniso vanogona kuvimba nezveupenyu mienzaniso avo (Grimmer, Messing, and Westwood 2014) .

Mienzaniso iyi miviri inoratidza, vari digitaalinen zera, tinogona kufamba kubva kupima avhareji kurapwa migumisiro kuti kupima ari heterogeneity kurapa migumisiro nokuti tinogona kuva vechikamu zhinji uye tinoziva zvakawanda nezvevaya vechikamu. Kudzidza pamusoro heterogeneity kurapwa nemigumisiro kunogona kuita kuti kukanganiswa kurapwa apo zviri inonyatsobudirira, zvinopa mashoko inotokonya matsva kukura, uye kupa zvahungava hwakaita pamusoro zvichibvira mashandiro, musoro wenyaya kuti icho Ndavakukiyinura.