5.3.4 Mhedziso

Open zvinoda kurega nyanzvi dzakawanda uye vasiri nyanzvi zvamaronga zvinetso apo mhinduro dziri nyore kuona pane chamutsa.

In zvose zvitatu pachena kudanwa zvirongwa Netflix Prize, Foldit, Nyatsotarira-to-Patent-vatsvakurudzi akabvunza mibvunzo yakananga chimiro, kuboka zvinogadzirisa, uye ipapo akanhonga yakanakisisa yokupedza nayo zvinetso. Vaongorori havana kunyange kuziva nyanzvi yakanakisisa kubvunza, uye dzimwe nguva pfungwa dzakanaka aibva dzaisatarisirwa akakwirira.

Zvino ndinogona nezvezvichaitwa kusiyana zviviri zvinokosha pakati pachena kudanwa muzvirongwa uye kwevanhu computation zvirongwa. Chokutanga, mune pachena kudanwa mabasa nevatsvakurudzi rinoti chinangwa (semuenzaniso, vachifanotaura firimu ratings) ukuwo computation kwevanhu pakutsvakurudza rinoti munhu Micro-basa (semuenzaniso, classifying renyeredzi). Chechipiri, muna pachena zvinoda vaongorori vaida yakanakisisa mupiro-yakanakisisa algorithm nokuda vachifanotaura firimu ratings, rakadzika-simba configuration ane puroteni, kana kupfuura akakodzera chimedu risati iwe kwete vamwe nyore ibatanidzo zvose mipiro mhando.

Kwakapiwa vakawanda template nokuda akazaruka foni uye izvi mienzaniso mitatu, chii mhando matambudziko evanhu tsvakurudzo chingava dzakakodzera kusvika ichi? Panguva iyi, ndinofanira kubvuma kuti kune vasina mienzaniso yakawanda vanobudirira asi (nezvikonzero kuti Ndichange kutsanangura nechinguvana). Tichitevera yakananga analogues, mumwe aigona kufungidzira kuti Nyatsotarira-kuti-Patent Style chirongwa kushandiswa kare mutsvakurudzi kutsvaka tanga gwaro kutaura chairo munhu kana pfungwa. An rakavhurika kudanwa nzira Dambudziko rakadaro aigona kuva anokosha kunyanya apo kuMudzidzisi magwaro havasi inounganidzwa mune rimwe arşive asi vari rinoparadzirwa.

More kazhinji, hurumende dzakawanda dzine zvinetso angava amenable kuvhura Kushanya nokuti nezvokusika nokufembera zvinogona kushandiswa kutungamirira chiito (Kleinberg et al. 2015) . Somuenzaniso, sezvo Netflix aida kufanotaura ratings pamusoro mafirimu, hurumende angada kufanotaura zvaitika akadai izvo maresitorendi ingangowanikwa kuti utano remitemo kutyorwa kuti govera rokuongorora zvinhu zvakanyanya. Achikurudzirwa Dambudziko, uku Glaeser et al. (2016) rakashandiswa pachena kudanwa kubatsira muGuta Boston kufanotaura resitorendi utsanana uye kutsvinda kutyorwa kunobva mashoko kubva Yelp wongororo dzakaitika rokuongorora Data. Glaeser uye nevamwe vanofungidzira kuti chokufenbera womuenzaniso kuti vakazokwidza rakazaruka kudanwa aizonatsiridza negoho resitorendi vaongorori munenge 50%. Mabhizimisi vanewo nezvinetso zvakafanana mamiriro akadai vachifanotaura mutengi churn (Provost and Fawcett 2013) .

Pakupedzisira, muna Kuwedzera kuvhura Kushanya dzinosanganisira zvaitika kuti kare zvakaitika imwe date yakatarwa (semuenzaniso, vachifanotaura utano remitemo kutyorwa vachishandisa mashoko ari zvekare utano Bumbiro kutyorwa), mumwe aigona kufungidzira vachifanotaura zvaitika kuti vasina zvakaitika asi kuti munhu ari dataset . Somuenzaniso, kuputsika Mhuri Child KWAHWO kudzidza yakawana anenge 5,000 vana kubva pakuzvarwa muna 20 dzakasiyana US maguta (Reichman et al. 2001) . Vatsvakurudzi dzakaunganidza mashoko pamusoro vana ava, nemhuri dzavo, uye avo upamhi hwazvo zvakatipoteredza pakuzvarwa uye mazera 1, 3, 5, 9, uye 15. Tichifunga zvose mashoko nezvevana ava, sei zvinogona vatsvakurudzi kufanotaura zvaitika akadai ndiani kudzidza kubva kukoreji? Kana, akaratidza nenzira zvaizova kunakidza nevaongorori vakawanda, iyo mashoko uye nedzidziso vaizova vakawanda vanobudirira vachifanotaura zvaitika izvi? Sezvo hapana vana ava vari Parizvino akura zvakakwana kuenda kukoreji, izvi zvaizova yechokwadi ramangwana nokufanotaurirwa uye ipapo vazhinji nzira dzakasiyana kuti vatsvakurudzi kuti akunde vane. Mumwe mutsvakurudzi anotenda kuti nharaunda dziri dzinonetsa kuumba upenyu zvaitika kuti kutora rimwe kusvika apo mumwe mutsvakurudzi uyo chinotarisa mhuri kuti kuita chimwe chinhu chakasiyana zvachose. Ndoupi Nzira izvi zvaizoita basa nani? Hatizivi, uye muitiro rokuwana panze tinogona kudzidza chimwe chinhu chinokosha pamusoro mhuri, nharaunda, dzidzo, uye magariro kusaruramisira. Uyezve, uprofita uhwu kungashandiswa kutungamirira remangwana date muunganidzwa. Fungidzira kuti paiva vashomanana vanenge vapedza kudzidza pakoreji vakanga vasina rakafanotaura kuti dhigirii kubudikidza chero yokutevedzera; vanhu ava vaizova yakanaka musarudzo kuti arambe Qualitative kubvunzurudza uye ethnographic rucherechedzo. Saka, muna pachena kudanwa kwakadai, zvakataurwa havasi mugumo; asi anopa itsva nzira kuenzanisa, kupfumisa nokubatanidza yokungotaura tsika dzakasiyana. mhando iyi yakazaruka kudanwa hakusi yakananga kushandisa mashoko kubva Mhuri kusimba kufanotaura ndiani achaenda kukoreji; zvaigona kushandiswa kufanotaura zvichaitika kuti ichaguma inounganidzwa chero longitudinal magariro date yakatarwa.

Pandakaramba dzawambonyora muchikamu chino, pane haina mienzaniso yakawanda evanhu vatsvakurudzi vachishandisa yakazaruka zvinoda. Ndinofunga kuti izvi ndizvo nokuti yakazaruka Kushanya usakanaka wakanyatsokodzera nenzira masayendisiti anoongorora magariro evanhu yemanyorero kukonzera mibvunzo yavo. Tichidzokera Netflix Prize, masayendisiti anoongorora magariro evanhu haana Kazhinji kubvunza pamusoro vachifanotaura zvadzinofarira, vangadai vanobvunza sei uye nei tsika zvadzinofarira vasiyane vanhu akasiyana munzanga (Bourdieu 1987) . Kwakadaro "sei" uye "nei" mubvunzo haanamati nyore kuziva zvinogadzirisa, uye saka zvinoita sokuti havaratidzi kukodzera kuvhura nomujinga. Saka, zvinoita sokuti rakazaruka zvinoda zvimwe amenable mubvunzo wokufembera pane mibvunzo tsananguro; zvakawanda pamusoro mutsauko pakati kufanotaura uye tsananguro ona Breiman (2001) . Zvisinei, zvichangobva theorists, ndakadana evanhu masayendisiti hwokufungazve musiyano pakati tsananguro uye kufanotaura (Watts 2014) . Sezvo mutsetse pakati kufanotaura uye tsananguro blurs, ndinotarisira kuti rakazaruka mumakwikwi vachava zvajairika mune zvesayenzi evanhu.