6.4 Four melao-motheo

Melao-motheo ea tse 'nè tse ka re tataisang bafuputsi tobane se tsitse boitshwaro ke: Hlompha Batho, Beneficence, Toka,' me Hlompha Molao le ditabatabelo tsa setjhaba.

Boits'oaro bo totobetso boo bafuputsi ba tobanang le bona ka lilemo tsa dijithara bo fapane le ba nakong e fetileng. Leha ho le joalo, bafuputsi ba ka sebetsana le mathata ana ka ho haha ​​monahano oa pele oa boitšoaro. Ka ho khetheha, ke lumela hore melao-motheo e hlalositsoeng litlalehong tse peli-Belmont Report (Belmont Report 1979) le Menlo Report (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) -a thusa bafuputsi ho nahana ka mathata ao ba tobanang le 'ona. Ha ke hlalosa ka ho qaqileng tlhōlisong ea histori ea khaolo ena, litlaleho tsena ka bobeli e bile liphello tsa lilemo tse ngata tsa lipuisano ka likarolo tsa litsebi tse nang le menyetla e mengata ea ho kenya letsoho ho tsoa mefuteng e mengata ea ba amehang.

Ntlha ea pele, ka 1974, ho latela mekhoa ea boitšoaro ba bafuputsi-e kang Thuto ea Tuskegee Syphilis e tummeng haholo eo banna ba ka bang makholo a mane ba Amerika Amerika ba ileng ba thetsoa ke bafuputsi le ho hana ho fumana phekolo e sireletsehileng le e sebetsang ka lilemo tse ka bang 40 (sheba sehlomathiso sa histori) -South Congress e ile ea theha taelo ea naha ea ho hlahisa tataiso ea boitšoaro bakeng sa lipatlisiso tse amang litaba tsa batho. Ka mor'a lilemo tse 'nè tsa seboka sebokeng sa Belmont Conference, sehlopha se hlahisa Belmont Report , tokomane e nyenyane empa e matla. Belmont Report ke motheo oa kelello bakeng sa Molao o Tloaelehileng , seteishene sa melao ea tsamaiso ea batho ba patlisiso hore li-IRB li na le boikarabelo ba ho sebelisa (Porter and Koski 2008) .

Joale, ka 2010, ka lebaka la ho hlōleha ha melao ea boitšoaro ea bafuputsi ba ts'ebetso ea lik'homphieutha le bothata ba ho sebelisa likhopolo Belmont Report ho lipatlisiso tsa lilemo-lemo, 'Muso oa United States-haholo-holo Lefapha la Tšireletso ea Maaha-o ile oa theha komisi ea boroa hlahisa moralo o tataisang oa lipatlisiso tse amanang le theknoloji ea tlhahisoleseding le ea puisano (ICT). Phello ea boiteko bona e ne e le Menlo Report (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) .

Phatlalatso ea Belmont le Menlo Report e fana ka melao-motheo e mene e ka fanang ka tataiso ea boits'oaro ka bafuputsi: Tlhompho bakeng sa Batho , Bohlokoa , Toka , le Tlhompho ea Molao le Thahasello ea Sechaba . Ho sebelisa melao-motheo ena e mene ha ho sebetse hase kamehla ho nepahetseng, mme ho ka hloka hore ho be le ho lekanngoa. Leha ho le joalo, melao-motheo, leha ho le joalo, e thusa ho hlakisa khoebo, e fana ka maikutlo a ntlafatso ho liphuputso tsa lipatlisiso, le ho thusa bafuputsi hore ba hlalose maikutlo a bona ho batho ba bang le ho sechaba.