1.1 An isisihla uyinki

Ehlobo lika-2009, amafoni omakhalekhukhwini ayekhala kuyo yonke iRwanda. Ngaphezu kwezigidi zezingcingo ezivela emndenini, abangani, nabangane bebhizinisi, amaRwanda angaba ngu-1 000 athole ucingo oluvela kuJoshua Blumenstock nabalingani bakhe. Laba cwaningi babecwaninga ingcebo nobuphofu ngokuqhuba ucwaningo lwesampula esingahleliwe esivela ku-database yemakhasimende ayizigidi ezingu-1.5 zomhlinzeki wefoni omkhulu kunazo zonke eRwanda. I-Blumenstock kanye nozakwethu bacela abantu abakhethiwe ngokungahleliwe uma befuna ukubamba iqhaza kulolu cwaningo, bachaze uhlobo locwaningo kubo, babuze uchungechunge lwemibuzo mayelana nezici zabantu, ezenhlalo nezomnotho.

Konke engikushilo kuze kube manje kwenza lokhu kuzwakale njengenhlolovo yesayensi yezenhlalakahle. Kodwa okulandelayo okulandelayo akuyona yendabuko-okungenani okwamanje. Ngaphandle kwedatha yocwaningo, i-Blumenstock kanye nozakwabo nabo babe namarekhodi aphelele ekholi kubo bonke abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.5. Ukuhlanganisa lezi zimithombo ezimbili zedatha, basebenzisa idatha yocwaningo ukuze baqeqeshe imodeli yokufunda yomshini ukubikezela ingcebo yomuntu esekelwe kumarekhodi amakholi. Ngokulandelayo, basebenzisa le model ukulinganisa ingcebo yabo bonke amakhasimende 1.5 million kule database. Balinganiselwa ukuthi izindawo zokuhlala zazo zonke amakhasimende eziyizigidi eziyi-1.5 zisebenzisa ulwazi lwendawo ehlanganisiwe kumarekhodi amakholi. Ukubeka konke lokhu ndawonye-umcebo ocatshangelwe kanye nendawo yokuhlala yokuhlala-baye bakwazi ukukhiqiza amabalazwe aphezulu okusabalalisa ukusabalalisa kwezomnotho eRwanda. Ngokuyinhloko, bangakwazi ukukhiqiza umcebo ocatshangelwe ngamunye wama-2,148 amaseli eRwanda, iyunithi encane yokuphatha ezweni.

Ngeshwa, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukunemba lokhu kulinganiselwa ngoba akekho owakhiqiza izilinganiso zezindawo ezincane ezinjalo eRwanda. Kodwa lapho i-Blumenstock kanye nozakwethu beqoqa izilinganiso zabo ezifundeni ezingu-30 zakwaRwanda, bathola ukuthi ukulinganisa kwabo kwakufana kakhulu nokulinganisa okuvela ku-Survey and Health Survey, okubhekwa kakhulu ukuthi iyinhlangano yegolide yokuhlola emazweni asathuthuka. Nakuba lezi zindlela ezimbili zikhiqiza izilinganiso ezifanayo kulokhu, ukuhlangana kukaBlumenstock nozakwabo kwakungamaphesenti angu-10 masinyane futhi izikhathi ezingu-50 ezishibhile kunezoNhlolovo zendabuko nezeMpilo. Lezi zilinganiso ezibiza ngokusheshayo futhi eziphansi izindleko zakha amathuba amasha abacwaningi, ohulumeni kanye nezinkampani (Blumenstock, Cadamuro, and On 2015) .

Lolu cwaningo lufana nohlolo lwe-Rorschach inkblot: lokho abantu abakubonayo kuxhomeke emlandweni wabo. Ososayensi abaningi bezenhlalakahle babona ithuluzi elisha lokulinganisa elingasetshenziswa ukuhlola imibono mayelana nentuthuko yezomnotho. Ososayensi abaningi besayensi babona inkinga yokufunda yomshini entsha. Abantu abaningi bebhizinisi babona indlela enamandla yokuvula ukubaluleka kwedatha enkulu abayitholile kakade. Abameli abaningi bamfihlo babona isikhumbuzo esesabekayo sokuthi siphila esikhathini sokuqapha okukhulu. Futhi ekugcineni, abenzi bomgomo abaningi babona indlela ubuchwepheshe obusha obungasiza ngayo ukudala izwe elingcono. Eqinisweni, lolu cwaningo luyizo zonke lezo zinto, futhi ngenxa yokuthi lunezici ezixubile, ngiyibona njengewindi esikhathini esizayo socwaningo lwezenhlalakahle.