2.3.10

Ezinye iinkcukacha ukuba iinkampani kunye oorhulumente kufuneka uvakalelo.

Iinkampani zomshuwalense yezempilo zineenkcukacha ezichanekileyo malunga nenkathalo enonyango efunyenwe ngabathengi babo Olu lwazi lungasetyenziselwa uphando olubalulekileyo ngempilo, kodwa ukuba luba lukarhulumente, lunokubangela ukulimala ngokomzwelo (umzekelo, ukuhlazeka) okanye ukulimala kwezoqoqosho (umzekelo, ukulahleka kwengqesho). Ininzi eminye imithombo yolwazi eninzi ineenkcukacha ezithintekayo , okuyingxenye yesizathu sokuba bahlale bengenakufikeleleka.

Ngelishwa, kuya kuba nzima ukugqiba ukuba yiyiphi inkcazelo enyanzelisayo (Ohm 2015) , njengoko kuboniswe ngumvuzo weNetflix. Njengoko ndiza kuchaza kwisiqendu 5, ngo-2006 iNetflix ikhishwe amanqaku e-movie angamawaka angama-100 anikezelwe ngamalungu angaba ngu-500 000 kwaye wayenomntu ovulekileyo apho abantu behlabathi lonke bezithumele izilungiso eziza kuphucula amandla e-Netflix ukucebisa ama-movie. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulule idatha, i-Netflix isusile nayiphi na inkcazelo ebonakalayo ngokubonakalayo, njengamagama. Kodwa, emva kweeveki ezimbini emva kokukhishwa kwedatha u-Arvind Narayanan noVitaly Shmatikov (2008) babonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba bafunde malunga nokulinganiswa kwabantu be-movie ngokusebenzisa inkohliso endinokukubonisa kwisiqendu 6. Nangona umhlaseli angafumanisa Ukulinganiswa kwe-movie yomntu, akukho nto ibonakala ngathi ayikho into evelele apha. Nangona oko kunokuba kuyinyaniso ngokubanzi, ubuncinane abanye abantu abangama-500,000 kwidasethi, ukulinganiswa kwee-movie kwakunentsingiselo. Enyanisweni, ekuphenduleni ukukhululwa kunye nokuchongwa kwakhona kwedatha, owesifazane okhutshelwe amantombazana ahlangene naye wajoyina ist-action action against Netflix. Nantsi indlela ingxaki eyaboniswa ngayo kulo myalelo (Singel 2009) :

"[M] ovie kunye nedatha yokulinganisa iqulethe ulwazi lwe ... uhlobo oluthile noluntu olubucayi. Idatha ye-movie yelungu ibonisa umdla womntu siqu kaNetflix kunye / okanye ulwa nemibandela eyahlukeneyo yabantu, kubandakanya ukuziphatha ngokwesondo, ukugula kwengqondo, ukuphulukana nokusela utywala, nokuxhatshazwa kwintsholongwane, ukuphathwa kakubi ngokomzimba, ulwaphulo lwasekhaya, ukukrexeza nokudlwengulwa. "

Lo mzekelo ubonisa ukuba kukho ulwazi oluthile lokuba abanye abantu bacinga ukuba bangabakhathaleli ngaphakathi kwinto enokubonakala ngathi yinkcazelo ebalulekileyo. Ukongeza, kubonisa ukuba ukukhusela okuphambili abaphandi abaqashileyo ukukhusela idatha-sensitive-de-identification bangakwazi ukuphumelela ngeendlela ezimangalisayo. Ezi ngcamango zibini ziphuhliswe ngokubanzi iinkcukacha kwisahluko 6.

Into yokugqibela ukugcina ingqalelo malunga nedatha ekhuselekileyo kukuba ukuqokelela ngaphandle kwemvume yabantu kuphakamisa imibuzo yokuziphatha, nokuba akukho nzakalo ebangelwayo. Kunjengokubukela umntu ohlamba ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe kunokuthathwa njengophula umthetho wobumfihlo bendoda, ukuqokelela ulwazi olubukhali-kwaye ukhumbule ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukugqiba okokukhathalelayo-ngaphandle kwemvume eyenza ukukhathazeka kwangasese. Ndiza kubuya kumbuzo malunga nobumfihlo kwisahluko 6.

Ekugqibeleni, imithombo ekulu yolwazi, njengengxelo kaRhulumente kunye neerekhodi lolawulo lwezoshishino, ngokubanzi ayidalwanga ngenjongo yophando loluntu. Imithombo enkulu yedatha yanamhlanje, mhlawumbi kusasa, ithambekele ekubeni neempawu ezili-10. Uninzi lweepropati eziqhelekileyo ukuba zilungele ukuphanda-ezinkulu, zihlala zihlala, kwaye zingasebenzi-zivela kwiinkampani zenkcubeko yobudala kunye noorhulumente banako ukuqokelela idatha kwinqanaba elingenakwenzeka ngaphambili. Kwaye ezininzi zeepropati eziqhelekileyo zibhekiselele kumbi-uphando-olungapheliyo, olungenakufikeleleka, olungabonakaliyo, ongabonakaliyo, ukuqhubela phambili, ukulungelelanisa, ukungahlambulukanga, kunye nokukhathazeka-kubangelwa ukuba ezi nkcukacha aziqokelelwa ngabaphandi kubaphandi. Kuze kube ngoku, ndathetha ngoorhulumente kunye nedatha yezoshishino kunye, kodwa kukho ukungafani phakathi kwezi zibini. Kwamava am, idata ka rhu lumente inokuba yinto engabonakaliyo ngaphantsi, ingaphantsi kwe-algorithmically confounded, kunye nokunyuka okuncinci. Ngolunye uhlangothi, iirekhodi zolawulo zoshishino zihlala zihlala zihlala zininzi. Ukuqonda ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezi-10 yinyathelo lokuqala eluncedo ekufundeni kwimithombo emikhulu yedatha. Kwaye ngoku siphendukela kwiinkqubo zophando esingazisebenzisa nale datha.