2.3.2 Nguva dzose

Nguva dzose-pasi mashoko makuru inoita kudzidza nezviitiko uye zvatakaitirwa nguva chipimo.

Vazhinji guru date hurongwa nguva-mberi; vari kuramba achiunganidza mashoko. Izvi nguva dzose-pasi hunhu inopa vatsvakurudzi vane longitudinal Data (kureva, mashoko pamusoro nguva). Sezvo nguva dzose-mberi ane mbiri cho- zvinokosha pakutsvakurudza.

Kutanga, nguva dzose-pane kuunganidza deta kunoita kuti vatsvakurudzi vadzidze zviitiko zvisingatarisirwi munzira dzisingamboiti. Semuenzaniso, vatsvakurudzi vanofarira kudzidza magwaro eEpupy Gezi muTurkey muzhizha ra2013 yaiwanzofunga nezvekuita kwevaparidzi panguva yechiitiko. Ceren Budak naDuncan Watts (2015) vakakwanisa kuita zvakawanda kuburikidza nekushandisa nguva dzose-panyama ye Twitter kuverenga vaporidzi vakashandisa Twitter kare, panguva, uye mushure mechiitiko chacho. Uye, vakakwanisa kuumba boka rekuenzanisira rekusati risati rasvika, panguva, uye shure kwechiitiko (chirevo 2.2). Pakazara, yavo yekare yepaneja yepaneka yakaisanganisira tweets yevanhu 30 000 makore maviri. Nokuwedzera mari inowanzoshandiswa kubva pamitambo iyi nemamwe mashoko, Budak naWatts vakakwanisa kudzidza zvakawanda: vakakwanisa kuenzanisa kuti ndeapi vanhu vangave vakakwanisa kupinda muchiitiko cheGezi uye kuenzanisa kuchinja maitiro vatori vechikamu uye vasingabatsiri, zvose munguva pfupi (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi kusvika panguva yeGez) uye munguva refu (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi ne post-Gezi).

Mufananidzo 2.2: Chigadziro chinoshandiswa naBudak naWatts (2015) kuti chidzidze Occupy Gezi mhirizhonga muTurkey muzhizha ra2013. Nokushandisa nguva dzose-pane zve Twitter, vatsvakurudzi vakasika izvo zvavakadana sekare-post panel iyo yakaisanganisira 30 000 vanhu vanopfuura makore maviri. Kusiyana nechiitiko chekudzidza chinotarirwa kune vatori vechikamu panguva yekupemberera, iyo yekare yepamusoro panowedzera inowedzera 1) data kubva kune vatori vechikamu mushure mokunge uye mushure mechiitiko chacho uye 2) nhamba kubva kune vasingatarisiri mberi, panguva, uye mushure mechiitiko chacho. Izvi zvakagadzirisa hurongwa hwe data zvakagonesa Budak neWatts kuti vatarise kuti marudzi evanhu aive anowanzoita sei mumakwikidziro eGezi uye kuenzanisa kuchinja kwemaonero evatori vechikamu nevasiri ivo vatori vechikamu, zvose munguva pfupi (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi pamwe neGezi ) uye munguva refu (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi ne post-Gezi).

Mufananidzo 2.2: Chigadziro chinoshandiswa Budak and Watts (2015) kuti chidzidze Occupy Gezi mhirizhonga muTurkey muzhizha ra2013. Nokushandisa nguva dzose-pane zve Twitter, vatsvakurudzi vakasika izvo zvavakadana sekare-post panel iyo yakaisanganisira 30 000 vanhu vanopfuura makore maviri. Kusiyana nechiitiko chekudzidza chinotarirwa kune vatori vechikamu panguva yekupemberera, iyo yekare yepamusoro panowedzera inowedzera 1) data kubva kune vatori vechikamu mushure mokunge uye mushure mechiitiko chacho uye 2) nhamba kubva kune vasingatarisiri mberi, panguva, uye mushure mechiitiko chacho. Izvi zvakagadzirisa hurongwa hwe data zvakagonesa Budak neWatts kuti vatarise kuti marudzi evanhu aive anowanzoita sei mumakwikidziro eGezi uye kuenzanisa kuchinja kwemaonero evatori vechikamu nevasiri ivo vatori vechikamu, zvose munguva pfupi (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi pamwe neGezi ) uye munguva refu (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi ne post-Gezi).

Munhu anonyunyuta angaratidza kuti zvimwe zvezviyero izvi zvingadai zvakaitwa pasina nguva dzose-pane zvinyorwa zvekusanganiswa kwemashoko (semuenzaniso, kuongororwa kwenguva refu kwemafungiro ekuchinja) uye izvo zvakarurama, kunyange zvazvo kuunganidza deta kwakadaro kwevanhu 30 000 kunge inodhura. Kunyange akapiwa bhageri risingagumi, zvisinei, handigoni kufunga nezveimwe nzira iyo inobvumira vanotsvakurudza kudzokera shure munguva uye vachinyatsocherechedza tsika dzevatori vechikamu munguva yakapfuura. Imwe nzira yepedyo inogona kunge iri yekuunganidzazve zvinyorwa zvekudzoka, asi izvi zvingave zvisinganyanyi kugadzirwa uye kusakanganiswa kunokonzera. tafura 2.1 inopa dzimwe mienzaniso yezvidzidzo zvinoshandisa nguva dzose-pane dhiyabhorosi yekudzidza chiitiko chisingafanoonekwi.

Dhiyabhorosi 2.1: Kuongorora kwezviitiko zvisingatarisirwi uchishandiswa nguva dzose-pane makuru makuru emvura.
Chiitiko chisingatarisirwi Nguva dzose-pane dhiyabhorosi Citation
Occupy Gezi kufamba muTurkey Twitter Budak and Watts (2015)
Umbrella inopikisa muHong Kong Weibo Zhang (2016)
Kutamba kwemapurisa muNew York City Ita-uye-frisk nhepfenyuro Legewie (2016)
Munhu anojoka ISIS Twitter Magdy, Darwish, and Weber (2016)
Svondo 11, 2001 kurwisa livejournal.com Cohn, Mehl, and Pennebaker (2004)
Svondo 11, 2001 kurwisa pager messages Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) , Pury (2011) , Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2011)

Mukuwedzera pakudzidza zviitiko zvisingatarisirwi, nguva dzose-pane makuru ehurongwa hunoitawo kuti vatsvakurudzi vauye kuongororwa kwemazuva chaiwo, izvo zvingave zvakakosha mumagadziriro apo vanoita sarudzo-muhurumende kana emabhizimisi-vanoda kupindura maererano nemamiriro ekuziva. Semuenzaniso, dhidhiyo data inogona kushandiswa kutungamira nekukurumidzira kupindura njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga (Castillo 2016) uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvemashoko zvinogona kushandiswa kubudisa maonero chaiwo-nguva emabasa emari (Choi and Varian 2012) .

Mukupedzisa, nguva dzose-pane dhiyabhinga dzinoita kuti vatsvakurudzi vadzidze zviitiko zvisingatarisirwi uye vape ruzivo rwemazuva chaiwo kune avo vanogadzirisa mazano. Handizvo, zvakadaro, ndinofunga kuti nguva dzose-pane zvigadzirwa zve data zvakakodzerwa nekutengesa kutsvaga kwenguva yakareba kwenguva refu. Izvi ndechokuti dzakawanda hurongwa hwekutsvaga huri kuchinja nguva dzose-chirongwa chandichazoita kuti chikudzise gare gare muchitsauko (chikamu 2.3.7).