6.4 Four melao-motheo
Melao-motheo ea tse 'nè tse ka re tataisang bafuputsi tobane se tsitse boitshwaro ke: Hlompha Batho, Beneficence, Toka,' me Hlompha Molao le ditabatabelo tsa setjhaba.
Liphephetso tseo boitshwaro eo bafuputsi ba tobanang le 'ona a le lilemo dijethale li fapane batla a ho feta ba nakong e fetileng. Leha ho le joalo, bafuputsi ba ka rarolla mathata ana ka ho haha nahanang pejana boitšoaro. Ka ho khetheha, ke lumela hore melao-motheo e bontšitsoeng ka litlaleho tse-ba babeli ba Report Belmont (Belmont Report 1979) The Report Menlo (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) -can thusa bafuputsi lebaka le ka mathata a boitshwaro hore ba tobana le tsona. Ha ke ntse ke hlalosa ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane Historical Sehlomathiso, ka bobeli litlaleho tse tsena e ne e le liphello tsa selotlolo selemo sa mererong ke diphanele ea litsebi le menyetla e mengata ea ditshwaelo go tswa mefuta e fapaneng ya nang le seabo.
Taba ea pele, ka 1974, ka lebaka la hore ho hloleha boitshwaro ke bafuputsi, ba kang le le tummeng le Tuskegee ea mokaola Tsa Sehlooho se Ithutoang (sheba Historical Sehlomathiso), US Congress bōptjoa khomishene naha ho ngola melao e tataisang boitshwaro bakeng sa phuputso amang bafo ba batho. Ka mor'a lilemo tse 'nè tsa liboka holong ea Belmont Center Conference, sehlopha se hlahisitseng le Tlaleho ea Belmont, tokomane mosesaane empa li matla. The Report Belmont ke motheo kelello bakeng sa Puso e Tloaelehileng, e behiloeng ea melao e tataisang busang bafo botho lipatlisiso tseo Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) ba filwego mosomo wa go le qobella (Porter and Koski 2008) .
Joale, ka 2010, e le karabelo ea ho hloleha ha boitshwaro sa bafuputsi tshireletso k'homphieutha 'me bothata ba ho sebelisa likhopolo a le Tlaleho ea Belmont hore a etse lipatlisiso tsa digital dilemo, US Government-ho toba Lefapha la Homeland Security-bōptjoa khomishene blue lente ho ngola e tataisang moralo wa boitshwaro bakeng sa phuputso amang tlhahisoleseding le theknoloji e buisana le (Marangrang). Diphetho tsa ho bapala ka matla e ne e le Tlaleho ea Menlo (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) .
'Moho le Tlaleho Belmont le Tlaleho ea Menlo fana melao-motheo ea tse' nè tse ka re tataisang mererong boitshwaro ke bafuputsi: Hlompha Batho, Beneficence, Toka, 'me Hlompha Molao le ditabatabelo tsa setjhaba. Sebelisa melao-motheo tsena tse 'nè ka go ikatisetsa hase kamehla otlolohileng,' me e ka hloka ho tsitsa thata. Melao-motheo e joalo, ho thusa ho hlakisa khoebo-offs, fana ka maikutlo a liphetoho ho batlisisa boqapi boo, 'me etsa hore bafuputsi ba ho hlalosa e nahanang ka eona ho e mong le tse ling tse le sechaba ka kakaretso.
